Driving a rental car as a tourist in a new country can be both exciting and challenging. In Kenya, renting a car gives you the freedom to explore beautiful national parks, coastlines, and vibrant towns at your own pace. However, road conditions, driving culture, and traffic rules may be very different from what you are used to back home. To ensure a safe and enjoyable experience, it’s important to understand the basics of driving in Kenya before you hit the road. Knowing how to handle local traffic, what to do at police checkpoints, and how to prepare for long drives can make a big difference. Whether you are planning a self-drive safari, a road trip to the coast, or just getting around the city, these essential driving tips will help you stay confident and safe behind the wheel. With the right preparation and awareness, your rental car adventure in Kenya can be smooth and memorable.

1. Familiarize Yourself with Driving on the Left

In Kenya, cars drive on the left side of the road, which may be different from what you’re used to if you come from a country where driving is on the right. This means that the steering wheel is on the right side of the vehicle. If you are not accustomed to driving on the left, take some time to practice in a less busy area until you feel comfortable. When making turns, always remember to keep left and check for oncoming traffic from the right. Adjusting to left-hand driving can take time, so be patient with yourself as you get used to it.

2. Choose the Right Rental Car

When renting a car, consider the type of vehicle that will best suit your needs. Nairobi has a mix of good roads and some poorly maintained ones, so renting a 4×4 vehicle is often a good choice, especially if you plan to explore areas outside the city. A 4×4 will handle rough roads better and provide more comfort on longer journeys. Additionally, ensure that the rental car comes with essential features like air conditioning, as the weather can get quite warm. Before signing the rental agreement, inspect the car for any damages and make sure the rental company documents these to avoid being charged for them later.

3. Get to Know the Traffic Rules

Understanding Kenya’s traffic rules is crucial for safe driving. Speed limits in urban areas are usually set at 50 kilometres per hour, while on highways, it can range from 80 to 100 kilometres per hour. Always obey posted speed limits, and remember that driving under the influence of alcohol is strictly prohibited. If you are caught driving recklessly or in violation of traffic laws, you could face fines or even arrest. Familiarize yourself with common signs and signals, and remember that traffic lights must be followed strictly. Even if you see other drivers ignoring them, it’s best to adhere to the rules for your safety.

4. Plan Your Routes Carefully

Traffic congestion is a frequent issue in Nairobi, especially during rush hours (morning and evening). It’s wise to plan your routes ahead of time to avoid being stuck in traffic. Use a reliable GPS or navigation app to help you find the best routes. These apps often provide real-time traffic updates and can suggest alternative routes if there are delays. If you have a specific destination in mind, consider checking the route during different times of the day to see when traffic is lighter. Planning ahead will help you save time and reduce stress while driving.

5. Be Prepared for Heavy Traffic

Nairobi is known for its traffic jams, particularly during peak hours. If you find yourself caught in a traffic jam, remain calm and patient. Avoid aggressive driving behaviours like honking or weaving between lanes, as this can create dangerous situations. Instead, keep a safe distance from the car in front of you to allow for sudden stops. Use the time in traffic to relax and listen to music or podcasts. Remember that it’s common for locals to experience traffic delays, so you’re not alone in this situation.

6. Watch for Pedestrians

In Nairobi, pedestrians are everywhere, and they often cross streets without warning. It’s essential to stay alert for people walking near the road, especially in busy areas. Always yield to pedestrians at crosswalks, and be cautious even when there are no designated crossing points. Children, in particular, may run into the street unexpectedly. If you see a crowd of people, slow down and be prepared to stop. By being vigilant and respecting pedestrians, you contribute to a safer driving environment for everyone.

7. Be Cautious of Matatus

Matatus, or shared minibuses, are a popular form of public transport in Nairobi. They often stop suddenly to pick up or drop off passengers and can weave in and out of traffic unpredictably. When driving near matatus, give them plenty of space, and avoid aggressive manoeuvres around them. If a matatu stops in front of you, slow down and wait for passengers to get on or off before proceeding. These vehicles are known for their fast driving, so keeping a safe distance will help you avoid accidents and maintain control over your own vehicle.

8. Navigate Roundabouts Properly

Roundabouts can be found in various parts of Nairobi, and understanding how to navigate them is crucial. When approaching a roundabout, yield to traffic already inside the circle. Look for gaps in traffic and enter the roundabout when it is safe. Use your turn signals to indicate which exit you intend to take. If you miss your exit, simply go around again rather than making sudden stops or trying to backtrack. Being courteous to other drivers and following roundabout rules will help maintain smooth traffic flow.

9. Stay Alert for Boda Bodas

Boda bodas, or motorcycle taxis, are common in Nairobi and can often be seen manoeuvring through traffic. They can appear suddenly, and their riders may change lanes without warning. When driving, keep an eye on your mirrors and be cautious of bodas when making lane changes. If you notice a group of boda bodas, it’s best to slow down and allow them to pass.

10. Parking Guidelines

Finding parking in Nairobi can be challenging, especially in busy areas. Look for designated parking lots or spaces marked with signs. If you choose to park on the street, ensure that parking is allowed and that you’re not blocking any driveways or entrances. Pay attention to any parking fees that may apply, and keep your parking ticket visible on the dashboard. When parking, make sure your vehicle is locked, windows are closed, and valuables are not left in plain sight to prevent theft. If you’re uncertain about where to park, ask locals or check with your rental company for recommendations.

11. Stay Safe at Night

Driving at night in Nairobi can be more dangerous than during the day due to reduced visibility and the presence of pedestrians and cyclists on the road. If you need to drive after dark, stick to well-lit roads and avoid isolated or poorly lit areas. Keep your windows up and doors locked to protect yourself from potential theft. If you feel uncomfortable or sense that someone is following you, drive to a safe, populated area, such as a police station or a busy gas station. Being aware of your surroundings and avoiding risky situations is crucial for your safety. 

12. Know What to Do in Case of an Accident

Accidents can happen, even to the most cautious drivers. If you’re involved in a minor accident, remain calm and check for any injuries to yourself and others. If anyone is hurt, call for medical assistance immediately. If it’s safe to do so, move your vehicle to the side of the road to avoid blocking traffic. Take photos of the accident scene, including vehicle damage and license plates, and exchange details with the other driver, such as names, phone numbers, and insurance information. Notify your rental company about the incident as soon as possible, as they can provide guidance on the next steps.

13. Emergency Contacts and Roadside Assistance

Before you start your journey, familiarize yourself with local emergency numbers and save them on your phone. This includes the police, ambulance services, and your rental company’s contact information. It’s also a good idea to have roadside assistance information handy in case you experience car trouble. Knowing who to call in case of an emergency will give you peace of mind while driving in a new city. Keeping a fully charged phone, a power bank, and some cash for emergencies can be very helpful if you find yourself in a difficult situation.

14. Practice Defensive Driving

Defensive driving means being aware of your surroundings and anticipating the actions of other drivers. Always assume that other drivers might make mistakes, and be prepared to react calmly. Maintain a safe following distance and avoid aggressive maneuvers. If someone cuts you off or drives erratically, don’t engage in road rage; instead, stay calm and let them go. Defensive driving helps you avoid accidents and keeps you safe on the road. Always scan the road ahead for potential hazards, such as pedestrians, cyclists, and animals that might wander onto the road.

15. Respect Local Driving Customs

Each city has its own driving culture, and Nairobi is no different. Be respectful of local driving customs, even if they seem unusual to you. For example, Kenyans may use their horns more frequently than drivers in other countries to communicate with other road users. This does not mean they are angry; instead, it’s often a way to indicate presence or caution. Adopting a positive attitude towards the local driving culture will help you blend in and make your driving experience more enjoyable.

Conclusion

By following these tips, car rental tourists can navigate Nairobi’s roads safely and confidently. While driving in a new city can be challenging, being aware of local driving habits, respecting traffic rules, and staying alert will help ensure a smooth journey. Enjoy exploring the vibrant culture, beautiful landscapes, and rich history that Nairobi has to offer while driving responsibly.